Vlachs and Yörüks as Military Groups under Ottoman Rule and the Evolution of Their Roles

Abstract

This paper discusses the changing role of the semi-nomadic groups within the Ottoman military structure. First, the position of the yörüks—the Turkish seminomadic group—will be underlined during the foundation of the Ottoman State. It is argued that they were a significant source for the Ottoman army both as infantry and cavalry. Then, through the imperial building process which peaked during the reign of Mehmed II, they were less needed and turned into auxiliary forces. Similarly, the Vlachs were another group of semi-nomadic nature that was utilized by the Ottomans from their first encounter onwards. Being a demographic pool for the military class of the Balkans before the Ottoman arrival, they were granted their previous status by the Ottomans as well. Yet, in time, in accordance with their needs, the Ottomans turned them into auxiliary forces, too.