İşletme Bölümü / Department of Business Administration

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://gcris3.etu.edu.tr/handle/20.500.11851/271

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Browsing İşletme Bölümü / Department of Business Administration by Author "Çakar, Mehmet"

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    Article
    Citation - Scopus: 2
    Budget Impact of Incorporating Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing in Prenatal Screening for Down Syndrome in Turkey
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2019-12) Ökem, Zeynep Güldem; Örgül, Gökçen; Tarı Kasnakoğlu, Berna; Çakar, Mehmet; Beksaç, Mehmet Sinan
    Objectives: To provide information to the government about the budget impact of implementing non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) into prenatal screening strategies to detect Down syndrome (DS) in singleton pregnancies in Turkey; the likely costs or savings associated with NIPT in comparison to the current practice were calculated. Methods: A decision-analytic model was developed to calculate the cost estimates for 1,309,771 women who gave birth in 2016; 84.8% of whom were <35-years-of-age. The superior combined test (CT) among current strategies is compared with contingent NIPT for women < 35-years-of-age; and usual practice of amniocentesis (AC) for women ? 35 years-of-age was replaced with universal NIPT. Results: When the market price of NIPT (1,077 PPPUS$) is used, contingent NIPT offered to high-risk women < 35-years-of-age adds 34,907,225 PPPUS$; and for women-35 ? years-of-age the universal NIPT leads to 142,785,818 PPPUS$ more cost to the government compared to current strategies. The additional costs with NIPT are partially compensated by the cost-savings due to reduction of the number of invasive tests and procedure related losses (17,826,476 PPPUS$ for women < 35-years-of-age and 37,070 PPPUS$ for women ? 35-years-of-age). Results are sensitive to the NIPT costs; with a lower cost of NIPT, a total saving would be 33,116,046 PPPUS$ with new strategies. Conclusions: NIPT might be the choice of prenatal screening strategies if its price is lowered to economically acceptable levels. Until that time, currently accepted protocols seem to be more realistic. On the other hand, decision makers should also consider possible savings and the women's quality of life that can be improved with the new technology.
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    Article
    Citation - Scopus: 3
    Concerns of Pregnant Women in Prenatal Screening/Diagnosis Practice and Termination of Pregnancy
    (Georg Thieme Verlag, 2020-06) Tarı Kasnakoğlu, Berna; Çakar, Mehmet; Ökem, Zeynep Güldem; Tanacan, Atakan; Fadıloğlu, Erdem; Örgül, Gökçen; Beksaç, Mehmet Sinan
    Objective To investigate the reasons for decision-making and concerns of patients in the field of prenatal screening, invasive prenatal diagnostic testing (IPDT), and termination of pregnancy (TOP). Study Design This questionnaire-based study consisted of 107 pregnant women who were referred for prenatal screening to the Hacettepe University Hospital. The questionnaire given to patients was prepared from scratch since there is no standard set of questions measuring patients' feelings and concerns regarding prenatal screening/diagnosis, IPDT, and TOP. Results Our questionnaire results showed that it is possible to classify decision-making factors into 6 groups: psychological, social, fear, religious/faith, support, and trust. The majority of patients were undecided (48.6%) about IPDT if prenatal screening test results were risky. Only 23.4% of patients were willing to accept IPDT. On the other hand, 55.1% of patients were not willing to undergo TOP if the fetal karyotyping results were abnormal. Religious factors seem to be important in refusing IPDT and TOP. Conclusion Physicians should re-evaluate their practice in the field of prenatal screening and diagnosis in light of the high refusal rates of IPDT and TOP. Understanding factors influencing women's decision-making processes provides insight for service providers to help women at high risk of having foetal anomalies to make better-informed choices.
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    Article
    Citation - Scopus: 12
    The Effect of Different Information Sources on the Anxiety Level of Pregnant Women Who Underwent Invasive Prenatal Testing
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Çakar, Mehmet; Tarı Kasnakoğlu, Berna; Ökem, Zeynep Güldem; Okuducu, Ümmühan; Beksaç, Mehmet Sinan Sinan
    Objective: The goal is to explore the effects of age, education, obstetric history and information sources on the (Beck) anxiety levels of pregnant women attending invasive prenatal testing.Methods: Questionnaire results from 152 pregnant women are utilized. Results are analyzed through an independent samples t-test and a two-step cluster analysis attempting to categorize patients in terms of the chosen variables.Results: t-Tests reveal that age, education and bad obstetric history do not significantly affect anxiety levels. Descriptive statistics indicate that almost 60% of patients feel anxious mostly because of the fear of receiving bad news, followed by the fear of miscarriage, the fear of pain and the fear of hurting the baby. According to the cluster analysis, patients who use doctors or nurses as information sources have significantly lower anxiety levels, while those who do not receive information from any source have the second lowest level of anxiety. Patients who receive information from personal sources (i.e. friends and family) have the highest level of anxiety. Anxiety levels do not change according to test type.Conclusions: Doctors and nurses should allocate enough time for providing information about prenatal diagnosis before the procedure. This will reduce the anxiety level as well as the felt necessity to search for information from other sources, such as personal or popular which will further increase the level of anxiety.