A Test of the Job Demands and Resources (jd-R) Model: Integration of Challenge and Hindrance Demands
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2022
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TOBB ETÜ
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Abstract
JD-R modeliyle ilgili son araştırmalar, bazı iş taleplerinin, tükenmişlik ve adanmışlıkla ilişkilerinin, ilk başlarda ortaya atılan temel önermelerdeki biçimde (yönde) olmadığına ve bu iş taleplerinin "zorluk iş talepleri (ZİT)" ile "engel iş talepleri (EİT)" olarak sınıflandırılması gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Modelin geliştirilmesi için açılan bu yoldan hareketle, bu tez çalışması, iki ZİT (iş yükü ve bilgi işleme), iki EİT (rol belirsizliği ve duygusal talepler), iki kişisel kaynak (iyimserlik ve öz yeterlilik) ve iki iş kaynağı (özerklik ve sosyal destek) ile tükenmişlik ve adanmışlık arasındaki ilişkileri incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. 415 katılımcıdan oluşan bir örneklemden toplanan veriler üzerinde yapısal eşitlik modellemesi de dâhil olmak üzere çeşitli istatistiksel analizler yapılmış, EİT ve ZİT'in tükenmişlik ve adanmışlık ile olan ilişkilerinde farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. EİT'nin, adanmışlığı azaltıp tükenmişliği arttırdığı, ZİT'in ise tükenmişliği arttırdığı, ancak adanmışlık üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur. Gerek kişisel gerek iş kaynaklarının adanmışlık ile olumlu, tükenmişlik ile olumsuz ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Kaynakların, ayrıca ZİT ile tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkide düzenleyici değişken olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Recent studies of the JD-R model point out that some job demands do not relate to exhaustion and engagement as claimed in the original major proposition of the model, and they should be categorized as "challenge job demands (CJD)" versus "hindrance job demands (HJD)". Following that path, this thesis aimed at studying the relationships of two CJD (workload and information processing) and two HJD (role ambiguity and emotional demands) with two personal resources (optimism and self-efficacy), two job resources (autonomy and social support), exhaustion and engagement. After conducting various statistical analyses, including structural equation modelling, on data collected from a sample of 415 participants, it has been found that HJD and CJD differed in their relationships with engagement and exhaustion. While HJD was found to decrease engagement and increase exhaustion, CJD was found to increase exhaustion but had no significant effect on engagement. Both personal and job resources were found to relate positively to engagement and negatively to exhaustion. Additionally, resources moderated the relationship between CJD and exhaustion.
Recent studies of the JD-R model point out that some job demands do not relate to exhaustion and engagement as claimed in the original major proposition of the model, and they should be categorized as "challenge job demands (CJD)" versus "hindrance job demands (HJD)". Following that path, this thesis aimed at studying the relationships of two CJD (workload and information processing) and two HJD (role ambiguity and emotional demands) with two personal resources (optimism and self-efficacy), two job resources (autonomy and social support), exhaustion and engagement. After conducting various statistical analyses, including structural equation modelling, on data collected from a sample of 415 participants, it has been found that HJD and CJD differed in their relationships with engagement and exhaustion. While HJD was found to decrease engagement and increase exhaustion, CJD was found to increase exhaustion but had no significant effect on engagement. Both personal and job resources were found to relate positively to engagement and negatively to exhaustion. Additionally, resources moderated the relationship between CJD and exhaustion.
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İşletme, Business Administration, İş kaynakları, Job resources, İş talepleri, Job demands, İşle bütünleşme, Work engagement
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108
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