Sequence Optimization of Phase Coded Waveforms in Joint Radar and Communication Systems

Abstract

With the increasing popularity of Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems in recent years, numerous studies have been conducted on the use of a joint waveform for both radar and communication functions in these systems. When defining the joint waveform, the most important criterion to consider is that it meets the system requirements for range and Doppler resolution in radar functionality. On the other hand, parameters such as symbol error rate (SER) and bit rate are also crucial for the communication function. The ambiguity function is used by radar designers to analyze the effects of radar waveforms on radar performance (range and Doppler resolution). Therefore, in this study, the ambiguity function is mathematically derived and analyzed for biphasecoded waveforms for ISAC systems. Theoretical expressions have been compared with simulation results. Additionally, to improve the radar and communication performance of the system, optimal binary phase codes were generated using a genetic algorithm, and the performance of the Barker-coded waveform was compared with that of the generated binary codes for both the radar and communication functions.