GCRIS Repository Collection:
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/273
2024-03-29T09:16:41ZCivil-Military Relations and the Demise of Turkish Democracy
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/9932
Title: Civil-Military Relations and the Demise of Turkish Democracy
Authors: Özpek, Burak Bilgehan
Abstract: [No Abstract Available]2020-01-01T00:00:00ZA Genealogy of the Concept of Civilization (Medeniyet) in Ottoman Political Thought: A Homegrown Perception?
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/9195
Title: A Genealogy of the Concept of Civilization (Medeniyet) in Ottoman Political Thought: A Homegrown Perception?
Authors: Palabiyik, Mustafa Serdar
Abstract: Since the first translation of the concept of civilization into Turkish as medeniyet in 1837 by Sadik Rifat Pasha, the then Ottoman Ambassador to Vienna, this coinage has turned out to be an essential component of Turkish modernization. This paper aims to establish a genealogy of the concept of medeniyet to demonstrate the divergences of Ottoman perceptions in different periods throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It argues that civilization was first perceived by a group of Ottoman intellectuals as a tool to reach an ideal state of being (c. 1840-1860). The next generation of Ottoman intellectuals (c. 1860-1890) defined civilization as the ideal state of being, yet they had different views on the concept, particularly concerning the distinction between material and moral elements of civilization. Finally, the third generation of Ottoman intellectuals (c. 1890-1920), whose thoughts were more or less crystallized under three broad political currents labeled as Westernism, Islamism, and Turkism, had different and sometimes contradicting perceptions of civilization based on their political outlooks. By referring to the writings of these intellectuals, the paper will discuss central debates on civilization in the late Ottoman Empire, such as the singularity/plurality of civilization(s), the existence of Islamic civilization as an alternative to European civilization, the degree of importing from European civilization, and the distinction between culture and civilization. Moreover, it argues that the Turkish perception of medeniyet is different from the European perception of civilization; in other words, while the Ottoman perception of the concept of civilization is not homeborn, it is homegrown. Accordingly, Ottoman intellectuals not only divided the material and moral elements of civilization and opted for importing the former, but they also questioned the singularity and supremacy of European civilization by referring to Islamic civilization either as an extinct yet once-present form of civilization or as a potential rival to European civilization.
Description: Article; Early Access2022-01-01T00:00:00ZMinorities and Minority Rights in Turkey: From the Ottoman Empire to the Present State
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/9178
Title: Minorities and Minority Rights in Turkey: From the Ottoman Empire to the Present State
Authors: Dündar, Fuat
Abstract: [No Abstract Available]2022-01-01T00:00:00ZChanging perceptions of Turkish armed forces: taking stock of partisanship
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11851/9152
Title: Changing perceptions of Turkish armed forces: taking stock of partisanship
Authors: Gunduz, K. Aydin
Abstract: This article explores the changing public attitudes in Turkey towards the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK), which has historically been among the country's most trusted institutions. Informed by theoretical discussions in the literature and the political trajectory the country has taken over recent years, the study highlights partisan polarization and autocratization as two intertwining factors that inform public perceptions of the Turkish military. The analytical focus is mainly on the voters of the main opposition party. The findings of the regression analysis provide evidence for a significant and rather abrupt shift; CHP voters appear to have lost their confidence in the military. Following a reconfiguration of the political system over recent years, the TSK's image has altered too. It seems it is not 'the guardian of republican values' anymore, but now instead 'the military of a new, hybrid regime in the making' where the boundaries between state and government are obfuscated.
Description: Article; Early Access2022-01-01T00:00:00Z